Laser balancing demonstration on a highspeed flexible rotor. The article contains excerpts from the paper, rotor balancing tutorial by ray kelm, dustin pavelek and walter kelm of kelm. Reducing shaft vibrations generally reduces bearing loads and increases the service life. We use influence coefficient balance methods, which offer the best assurance of reliable results.
Static balance means that the weight is evenly disposed around the axis of the shaft. Rotors that have had their journals, couplings or fits machined. Methods of assembling a rotor assembly of a gas turbine engine having a plurality of components. The gas initially drives the liquid hydrogen pump turbine, then it is further expanded to feed the liquid oxygen turbopump turbine. Balance quality requirements of rigid rotors ird balancing. Rotor balancing and fullspeed noload test of the 9fa gas turbine is usually performed in the factory before shipment. Dynamic analysis and field balancing of 70 mw gasturbine. Turbine rotors that have had significant blade repairs.
In one aspect, there is provided a method of balancing a gas turbine engine rotor, the method comprising. In 1985, papers were presented at vibration institute meetings on the dynamic analysis and field balancing of 70 mw gas turbine generator systems. Dynamic analysis and balancing of an aircraft gas turbine by. Trim balancing is done at gas turbine balance planes in the forward and aft sections of the gas turbine.
Ep2019185a2 method of balancing a gas turbine engine rotor. A combustion chamber or area, called a combustor, in between 1. The gas turbine has 17 axial compressor stages and 4 gas turbine stages. In general, long and slender rotors are the most wellsuited for a high speed balance, but any rotor that has the aforementioned repairs or problems can benefit from high speed balancing.
Application notes static and dynamic balancing of rigid. The weightsaving concepts employed in the design of the turbine rotor assembly resulted in a weight reduction of of, of. Potential failure modes hot gas path components gas turbine component life diagram with key factors assembly turbine operation outage assembly turbine operation outage assembly repair workscope repair workscope stores stores. Practical balancing of flexible rotors for power generation. Ge generator rotor design, operational issues, and refurbishment options contents. For builtup rotors, each bladed disc is balanced individually prior to assembly. Highspeed turbine rotor balancing was once rare because of the costs and logistical challenges involved in doing it during an outage. The machine is a gas turbine with a 2000 lb rotor consisting of an axial. Ep2019185a2 method of balancing a gas turbine engine. Machine train consist of a generator and aero derivative turbine. In order to balance gas turbine engines, transmission gears, and helicopter drive shafting, the.
Joe corcoran is the global manager of services and training for kopflex, regal beloit corporation, in. Ge generator rotor design, operational issues, and refurbishment options. Shop balancing methods the methods employed in shop balancing can have a profound impact on the resulting balance condition of the rotor. A rigid rotor is one whose ser vice speed is less than 50% of its first critical speed. Dynamic analysis and balancing of an aircraft gas turbine dyrobes. A flexible rotor will require multiplane balancing. The vibration data indicated erratic behavior as well as a three times super. The lp rotors have three balance planes and generators have facilities to attach balance weights in almost any axial position. Pdf practical balancing of flexible rotors for power.
One of the most important was the development of antifriction bearings. Allocate u per to the balancing correction planes based on rotor configuration. Us9206692b2 gas turbine rotor assembly balancing method. Method of balancing a gas turbine engine rotor pratt.
Ger4212 ge generator rotor design, operational issues. Highspeed turbine rotor balancing lowers costs and. Pdf practical balancing of flexible rotors for power generation. Proceedings of the asme 1979 international gas turbine conference and exhibit and solar energy conference. Excitations of the rotor train by imbalance forces are a common cause of increased vibrations of. The objective of balancing is to reduce shaft vibration to a practical minimum. Over speed test and fullload rejection tests are 9fa gas turbine at customer site. Dedicated rotor balancing facility rotor balance facility utilising a schenk. Dynamics of rotating machinery with emphasis on balancing technical services 2. Our secure customer login 9fa gas turbine provides seamless access to your ge information and assets. To calculate the balancing tolerances, the following formula can be used. Mar 22, 2011 a method of balancing a rotor assembly of a gas turbine engine, the engine having a first rotor pack comprising a plurality of assembled rotor components and a spigot coupling interface for telescopic connection to a mating spigot of a second rotor pack, the method comprising. A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of continuous combustion, internal combustion engine.
Applications of an interactive balancing procedure for gas. Performing step 1 simply requires the user to find the rotor type that most nearly describes the one. Above this speed, the rotor is said to be flexible. May 28, 2017 the methods employed in shop balancing can have a profound impact on the resulting balance condition of the rotor. Corcoran manager, global services and training kopflex, regal beloit hanover, maryland joseph p. Mhi compressor international high speed balancing youtube.
After repeated rotor balancing simulations, it was concluded that assembly balancing using the influence coefficient technique was costeffectiveand prac tical for the t700 power turbine rotor. This application note is concerned with rigid rotors only. The rotordynamic behavior of an industrial gas turbine rotor train was assessed on site, and the sensitivity to unbalance was quantified. Sgt100, sgt200, sgt300, gas generators and power turbines. Advanced vibration analysis to root cause finding for industrial rotary equipment with the help of modern instruments. Gas turbine repair technology ge power systems ger3957b 0401 2 table 3. Dynamic analysis and field balancing of 100 mw utility gas. Vibration measurement techniques on an industrial gas. Highspeed rotors often require fieldbalancing trim balancing at full speed to make adjustments for rotor deflection and final bearing stiffness and damping conditions.
A fourth component is often used to increase efficiency turboprop. Highspeed turbine rotor balancing lowers costs and improves. The real values of critical speeds should be measured at. When assembled with blades, the rotor is balanced both statically and dynamically. Mar 16, 2017 in one aspect, there is provided a method of balancing a gas turbine engine rotor, the method comprising. Figure 3 shows a crosssection of the 70 mw gas turbine showing the balance planes. The following table gives the balancing grade for various types of rotors. The successful nature of the analytical balancing simulation results allowed mti to demonstrate the actual balancing. Power generation high speed rotor balance toshiba america. Highspeed balancing hsb of generator and turbine rotors offers a number of advantages. Thats begun to change as economic options emerge, and.
A photograph of the turbine on a stand is shown in fig. Should site vibration levels exceed those specified, provision is made for site trim balancing on the lp rotors via access holes in each gland housing. T700 power turbine rotor multiplane multispeed balancing. Differential data reduction with test unbalances was undertaken to minimize the influence of measurement uncertainty. Ge lm5000 gas turbine this section describes an interactive balancing experience of a ge lm5000 gas turbine installed in a power generation facility. A new simulation process for the life management of the.
It is recommended, depending on the make and model of the gas turbine, that a rotor life assessment inspection be performed on the rotor every 100,000 to 200,000 hours. The impact of shop balance technique is most important when the rotor is relatively flexible andor long as is common with most turbomachinery. A method of balancing a rotor assembly of a gas turbine engine, the engine having a first rotor pack comprising a plurality of assembled rotor components and a spigot coupling interface for telescopic connection to a mating spigot of a second rotor pack, the method comprising. The article contains excerpts from the paper, rotor balancing tutorial by ray kelm, dustin pavelek. Typical machines, which fit this category, include steam and gas turbines. The engine extracts chemical energy from fuel and converts it to mechanical energy using the gaseous energy of the working fluid air to drive the engine and propeller, which, in turn, propel the airplane.
Assembled aircraft gas turbine rotors flywheels pump impellers machinetool and general machinery parts medium and large electric armatures of electric motors having at least 80 mm shaft height without. Vibration literature1 can be obtained for study in more technical detail. The incremental rotor balancing procedure turbomachinery. A method of balancing an assembly of rotary parts of a gas turbine engine 10 comprising measuring at least one of the concentricity and parallelism of each component and considering globally all possible component stacking positions to generate an optimized stacking position for each component of the assembly to minimize assembly unbalance. Performing onsite balance for a variety of rotary equipment. It can be checked by rolling the rotor on horizontal knifeedge supports. Above 600 rpm rotor relative vibrations should be monitored. Ger4212 ge generator rotor design, operational issues, and. Since our founding, weve enjoyed a reputation as innovators, practitioners and teachers in the art of balancing and vibration analysis of heavy rotating equipment.
If a rotor is balanced on a low speed balancing machine assuming it is rigid and then in service becomes flexible, then unbalance and thus high vibration, will be the result. One the threshold is exceeded, automatic trip of turbine takes place. Then multiply e per by rotor weight to obtain the permissible residual unbalance, u per. Pdf this paper deals with some of the challenges in the dynamic analysis and field balancing of the w501d gas turbinegenerator system. Ge power systems ger4212 0801 2 ge generator rotor design, operational issues, and refurbishment options coupling coil slot retaining ring balance plug fan collector. This limit is established in general by the capabilities of shop balance machines. Pdf dynamic analysis and field balancing of 100 mw. The axial compressor is attached to the gas turbine by a bolted flange assembly.
For this reason, gas turbine rotors are among the most difficult objects to balance. Coupling and balance planes in gas turbinecompressor train. Wide range of service products offering comprehensive support from ad hoc call out, risk and reward, bespoke customer tailored and full level 2 or 3 ltsa ltp maintenance contract cover. The methods employed in shop balancing can have a profound impact on the resulting balance condition of the rotor. High speed balancing of turbine rotor at 3000 rpm at dyna mech duration. A number of technological and scientific advances through the ages have helped us reach the standard of living we enjoy today. The solution to the problem is to balance each stage separately before assembling it in the rotor. Gas turbine manufacturers specify that the rotating element of a gas turbine has a limited life based on the number of fired hours run and the number of starts. Balancing, rotor, vibration, influence coefficient, exact point. Optimal component stacking positions, among other things, may then be. Typical hp and ip turbines are provided with two balance planes. At turbine efficiency, we use a schenck approved rotor balancing machine.
The gas turbine proper has 5 balancing planes, at the first stage of the axial compressor, between the 6th and 7th stages, two. The task of balancing each stage can be simplified if the blades are assembled in the hub. Matthew smillie, consultant engineer, quest integrity group. Balancing these aspects of the power plant management requires consideration of the oem recommendations as well as the knowledge, expertise and technology available from independent engineering service providers. As a result, the actual balance condition of an assembled rotor is never fully known prior to. In 1985, papers were presented at vibration institute meetings on the dynamic analysis and field balancing of 70 mw gas turbinegenerator systems. The epri rotor program has developed technology and methods to offer an integrated approach to gas turbine rotor condition. Each of the machine trains bearing is monitored by displacement transducers mounted on the machine casing in a plane xy perpendicular to the rotor axis of the machine to observe radial motion of the shaft.
These include smooth operation, access to optimal weight planes, and verification of the mechanical integrity of the rotor and any assembled components rotors are typically run to 110% overspeed. Turbine blade measurement by a new moment balance machine. We use influence coefficient balance methods, which offer the best assurance of. Sep 25, 2017 mhi compressor international high speed balancing.
Rotors are classified as being either rigid or flexible. Dynamics of rotating machinery with case studies balancing fundamentals critical speeds and vibratory modes how to identify and understand its significance. Iso standards for machine vibration and balancing focus on large. The method comprises, in one aspect, determining a static unbalance force of each component using the mass and the center of mass location, and determining an optimum assembly arrangement minimizing static unbalance forces.
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